University of Louisville
The Effects of Motivational Interviewing on African Americans with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Institution
University of Louisville
Faculty Advisor/ Mentor
Joshua Capps
Abstract
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2008), 17% of African Americans in the state of Kentucky have type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in comparison to 11% of European Americans. Inadequate self-management measures (infrequent blood glucose monitoring, physical inactivity, lack of adherence to prescribed medications, poor attendance at scheduled healthcare visits) are often primary contributors to the increased prevalence of T2DM in African Americans. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a motivational interviewing (MI) intervention on adherence to prescribed treatment regimens, diabetes markers and number of unscheduled health care visits among African Americans with T2DM. A randomized clinical trial was conducted with a convenience sample of 60 participants recruited from an outpatient clinic in Louisville. Participants randomly assigned to the control group received the usual care provided from the clinic, while those in the intervention group participated in 8 MI behavioral counseling sessions over a 6 month period. The MI intervention addressed medication usage, blood glucose monitoring and physical activity and strategies were tailored based upon the participant’s identified stage of change (according to the Transtheoretical Model). Data collection occurred at baseline and then at 3 months and 6 months post baseline. Outcome measures obtained included adherence to prescribed regimens (blood glucose monitoring, physical activity, medication use), diabetes markers (random serum glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin levels) and measurements of body composition (body mass indices). Monthly follow-up calls were conducted to record number of unscheduled healthcare visits (clinic, emergency department, hospitalizations) for each participant. Demographic data and other health data regarding current medications and chronic illnesses were collected at baseline.
The Effects of Motivational Interviewing on African Americans with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2008), 17% of African Americans in the state of Kentucky have type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in comparison to 11% of European Americans. Inadequate self-management measures (infrequent blood glucose monitoring, physical inactivity, lack of adherence to prescribed medications, poor attendance at scheduled healthcare visits) are often primary contributors to the increased prevalence of T2DM in African Americans. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a motivational interviewing (MI) intervention on adherence to prescribed treatment regimens, diabetes markers and number of unscheduled health care visits among African Americans with T2DM. A randomized clinical trial was conducted with a convenience sample of 60 participants recruited from an outpatient clinic in Louisville. Participants randomly assigned to the control group received the usual care provided from the clinic, while those in the intervention group participated in 8 MI behavioral counseling sessions over a 6 month period. The MI intervention addressed medication usage, blood glucose monitoring and physical activity and strategies were tailored based upon the participant’s identified stage of change (according to the Transtheoretical Model). Data collection occurred at baseline and then at 3 months and 6 months post baseline. Outcome measures obtained included adherence to prescribed regimens (blood glucose monitoring, physical activity, medication use), diabetes markers (random serum glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin levels) and measurements of body composition (body mass indices). Monthly follow-up calls were conducted to record number of unscheduled healthcare visits (clinic, emergency department, hospitalizations) for each participant. Demographic data and other health data regarding current medications and chronic illnesses were collected at baseline.