The Impact That Management and Employees Deal with While Working Remote/Hybrid in the Business Industry

Abstract

This literature review goes over the impact that remote and hybrid work models have had on management and employees within the business industry. Through a chronological analysis of key scholarly sources spanning from the 1990s to the 2020s, this paper traces the evolution of remote work from an experimental concept to a central pillar of modern organizational structure. The review synthesizes foundational research by Nilles (1998), organizational analysis by Cappelli (2021), employee experience insights from George (2021), leadership perspectives from Kowalski and Slebarska (2022), and cybersecurity concerns raised by Sabin (2021), along with supplementary literature on productivity, well-being, and digital transformation. Findings reveal that while remote work offers significant benefits, including increase flexibility, higher productivity, and expanded talent pools, it also introduces persistent challenges such as communication barriers, employee isolation, blurred work-life boundaries, and heightened cybersecurity vulnerabilities. Leadership emerges as a critical moderator of remote work success, with transformational and trust-based management approaches proving most effective. The review concludes that remote and hybrid work arrangements are not temporary but represent a lasting shift in business operations, requiring organizations to adopt coordinated strategies that address technological, psychological, and managerial dimensions to sustain long-term success.

Year Manuscript Completed

Spring 2026

Senior Project Advisor

Heather H. Roy

Degree Awarded

Bachelor of Integrated Studies Degree

Field of Study

Agricultural Studies

Document Type

Thesis

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